UMBILICAL HERNIA AND ROBOTIC UMBILICAL HERNIA REPAIR
An umbilical hernia occurs when abdominal contents, such as fat or a portion of the intestine, protrude through a weakness in the abdominal wall at or near the umbilicus (navel). It may occur in both children and adults and is commonly associated with factors that increase intra-abdominal pressure, including obesity, pregnancy, chronic cough, heavy lifting, or previous abdominal surgery. Patients typically present with a visible or palpable swelling at the umbilicus that may enlarge with coughing or straining and may be associated with pain or discomfort. If left untreated, an umbilical hernia can become incarcerated or strangulated, resulting in bowel obstruction or compromised blood supply, which requires urgent surgical intervention.
Robotic umbilical hernia repair is performed under general anaesthesia with the patient positioned supine. Several small abdominal incisions are made for the placement of robotic ports, through which a high-definition three-dimensional camera and robotic instruments are introduced. After docking the robotic system, the abdominal cavity is inspected, and the hernia defect is identified. The hernia sac is carefully dissected, and its contents are reduced into the abdominal cavity. The fascial defect is then closed using robotic suturing techniques, and a synthetic mesh is placed to reinforce the abdominal wall and minimise the risk of recurrence. The mesh is secured in the appropriate position, and the peritoneum is closed over it when indicated. Meticulous haemostasis is achieved, and a drain may be placed if required. The robotic instruments are then removed, the port sites are closed, and sterile dressings are applied, completing the procedure.